Fats and oils coming from commercial or industrial food processing enterprises, including restaurants that have been used for cooking or frying are referred to as used cooking oil (UCO). There are no additional fats, oils, or greases in UCO that have not already been used for cooking or frying. Waste vegetable oil is another name for used cooking oil. The used cooking oil is created as a result of the frequent use of vegetable oils for cooking food in both commercial and domestic settings. Cooking oil is made from a variety of vegetable oils, such as sunflower, palm, rapeseed, soya, and others, and is usually blended in composition. The usage of spent cooking oil as a feedstock for biodiesel manufacturing is increasing, which is driving the market for used cooking oil to rise. Furthermore, the widespread use of used cooking oil in the manufacture of hydrogen gas, bio lubricants, grease, oleo chemicals, animal feed, and other products has boosted demand for used cooking oil in these ind

Modified starch refers to a chemically altered form of starch, derived from various plant sources such as corn, wheat, or potatoes. The modification process involves treating native starch to enhance its functional properties, including stability, texture, and thickening ability. Common modification methods include physical, chemical, and enzymatic processes.

A meal replacement is a drink, bar, soup, or other food that is meant to be used as a substitute for solid food and has controlled amounts of calories and nutrients. Some drinks are available in powdered form or as pre-mixed health shakes, which might be less expensive than solid foods with similar health benefits.